《植物生理学报》 2013, 49(5): 469-476

光胁迫对容器幼苗生长和生理生化特性的影响

吴月燕^1,*, 项锡娜^1,3, 王忠华¹, 袁冬明², 严春风²

1浙江万里学院生物与环境学院, 浙江宁波315100; 2宁波市鄞州区林业技术管理服务站, 浙江宁波315100; 3上海海洋大学水 产与生命学院, 上海201306

通信作者：吴月燕；E-mail: wyynb2009@163.com；Tel: 0574-88222235

摘　要：

以无覆盖为对照, 研究了一层膜遮荫(遮光率约30%)、二层膜遮荫(遮光率约55%)、三层膜遮荫(遮光率约80%)对一年生木荷、苦槠、湿地松、香樟、枫香、杨梅、无患子和青冈栎等容器幼苗生长和生理生化反应。试验表明一层遮荫后8种树种植株都生长健壮, 主要表现为根颈较粗、须根数量增加。容器幼苗叶片中叶绿素a/b值香樟和杨梅以一层和二层遮荫较高, 其余6种树种以一层遮荫覆盖最高。除了胞间CO2浓度外, 8种树种不同处理间容器幼苗叶片的蒸腾速率、气孔导度和水分利用率的变化基本与净光合速率的变化呈正相关, 其中净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和水分利用率香樟和杨梅以一层和二层遮荫较高, 其余6种植物以一层遮荫最高, 但不同处理胞间CO2浓度的变化较为复杂, 故影响不同处理的光合作用可能有气孔和非气孔的因子。容器幼苗叶片中丙二醛含量香樟和杨梅以一层遮荫和二层遮荫较低, 其余6种树种以一层遮荫最低; 8种树种不同处理间超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性以及还原型谷胱甘肽含量的变化基本与丙二醛含量的变化呈负相关。因此, 夏季适度遮荫能促进容器苗的生长。

关键词：容器幼苗; 遮荫覆盖; 生长; 生理生化反应

收稿：2013-02-27   修定：2013-03-19

资助：资助 宁波市科技创新创业重点项目(2010C92021和2012C92020)和宁波市现代林特业发展科技专项重大项目(2007C10023)。

Effects of Light Stress on the Physiological, Biochemical Characteristics and Growth of Vessel Seedling

WU Yue-Yan^1,*, XIANG Xi-Na^1,3, WANG Zhong-Hua¹, YUAN Dong-Ming², YAN Chun-Feng²

¹College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China; ²Forestry Man-agement Technology Service Station of Yinzhou County, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China; ³College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Corresponding author: WU Yue-Yan; E-mail: wyynb2009@163.com; Tel: 0574-88222235

Abstract:

Taking no shading as the control, plant growth and physiological and biochemical characteristics of annual Schima superba, Castanopsis sclerophylla, Pinus elliottii, Cinnamomum camphora, Liquidambar for-mosana, Myrica rubra, Sapindus mukorossi and Cyclobalanopsis glauca were investigated under single-layer membrane shade (30% of full illumination), two-layer membrane shade (55% of full illumination) and three-layer membrane shade (80% of full illumination) in this study. The results showed that single-layer membrane shadow made all tested plants grow stronger, including thick root neck and increasing number of fibrous roots. The chlorophyll a/b values of C. camphora and M. rubra were the highest under single-layer or two-layer membrane shadow. Meanwhile, chlorophyll a/b values of other species were higher under single-layer mem-brane shadow than that of other treatments. In addition to intercellular CO2 concentration, the changes of tran-spiration rate, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency of the eight species container seedlings under differ-ent treatments were positively correlated with the changes of net photosynthetic rate. It was also found that net photosynthetic rates, transpiration rates, stomatal conductance and water usage efficiency of C. camphora and M. rubra were higher under single- or two-layer membrane shadow than those of other treatments, while other six species were higher under single-layer membrane shadow than those of control and other treatments. The changes of the intercellular CO2 concentration of containers leaves under different treatments were more com-plex and the changes of eight species container seedlings under different treatments of photosynthesis were re-lated to the effects of stomatal factor and non-stomatal factors. In the container, malondialdehyde contents of leaves of C. camphora and M. rubra device were lower under single- or two-layer membrane shadow than those of control and other treatments; while malondialdehyde contents in container leaves of other six species were the lowest. The enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and glutathione content of eight kinds of trees leaves in the container were extremly negatively correlated with the changes of malondialde-hyde contents. Therefore, moderate summer shadow treatment could promote the growth of container seedlings.

Key words: container seedling; light shading; growth; physiological and biochemical reactions